| STEAM /
THERMAL OIL / HOT WATER
TRACING
Copyright
© 2010/2011 Heatflow B.V. All rights reserved
ControTrace for up to 400 deg C.
Specially
designed by CSI, ControTrace is an economical alternative to jacketed
pipe while also providing substantially more heating capacity than tube
tracing. Formed from SA178 Gr. A boiler tubing, the elements are pressure
rated in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section
VIII, Div. 1. The pipe-side surface of ControTrace is contoured to closely
match the outside diameter of the pipe on which it will be placed. This
maximizes surface area contact for each element.
Four ControTrace Elements
maintain a bulk process temperature of 535.3F. 10" Sch. 80 S. hot
oil T=550/h200, ambient T=10/h2, 3" of cal sil,process fluid h5.
Today, hundreds of miles of ControTrace
are used around the world in process services including: acrylic acid,
bitumens, BPA, caprolactam, DMT, DNT, hot melt adhesives, PA, polymers,
sulfur, and many more. ControTrace is also in service on storage tanks
and vessels up to 25 feet in diameter. CSI will design your ControTrace
system to ensure adequate surface coverage. CSI will also provide you
with installation drawings, jumpover connections and jackets for the
valves and instrumentation to provide uniform heat to the entire system
very economically and with no chance for cross-contamination.
The ControTrace Heating
Element: What It Is & How It Works
| What
It Is. The ControTrace (CT) Heating Element is a product
specially developed by CSI to provide the processing industry
an economical alternative to jacketed pipe while also providing
substantially more heating capacity than tube tracing. The basic
configuration of the element is a rectangle tube, formed of
SA178 Gr. B boiler tubing, with one surface contoured to closely
fit the outside of the pipe on which it will be placed. There
are two basic sizes of rectangular configurations: 3/4"
x 1-1/2" for nominal pipe sizes 1-1/2" and smaller,
and 1" x 2" for nominal pipe sizes 2" and larger.
The CT surface in contact with the pipe has a radius of curvature
hat matches the pipe OD. For example, a CT element for a 3"
pipe has a rectangular shape of 1" x 2" with one surface
having a radius of curvature of 1-3/4" -- the same as 3"
pipe. Individual elements are fabricated to specific lengths.
The ends of the tubing are closed and inlet and outlet connections
are added for heating medium transfer. The elements are fixed
to the pipe with bands of strapping placed three to four feet
apart. Before the banding operation, a thin layer of non-drying
heat transfer cement usually is spread on the CT
surface in contact with the pipe. |
| 
|
How
It Works. At
startup, the heating fluid enters the CT element which begins
to heat the pipe. The element, which expands more rapidly than
the pipe, maintains thermal contact with the pipe via the non-drying
heat-transfer cement. The pipe area adjacent to the CT heats rapidly
and transfers heat around the pipe wall to other pipe areas. If
the pipe is empty or filled with static process, the system will
reach a predictable equilibrium temperature based on the insulation
thickness, ambient temperature, heating medium temperature, and
the physical properties of materials and processes involved. |
| When
pumping commences, assuming that the process has an equilibrium
temperature lower than the heating medium temperature, the
entire pipe wall (and process) takes on a more uniform temperature.
This is due to the process picking up heat from the area adjacent
to the CT element and giving up this heat to areas of the pipe
wall that are not as hot as the CT area. This heat transfer mechanism
works the same whether the pipe is fitted with a single CT element
or multiple elements. CSI uses a variety of analytical tools to
recommend to customers the amount of CT coverage needed for specific
processes, operating conditions, and pipe sizes. |
The Bolt-On
ControHeat Jacket: How It Works
| 1)
Pressurized heating fluid enters
the pressure chamber embedded in the aluminum casting. The pressure
chamber may be either carbon steel or stainless steel. |
 |
2)
The pressure chamber is designed,
manufactured and tested in accordance with the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
3)
The aluminum casting, which
never contacts the pressurized heating fluid, rapidly transfers
heat from the pressure chamber to the external surface of the
process component (valve). |
| 4)
Normally, heat transfer cement is used with the jacket to minimize
any air gap between the casting and the valve body. The cement
promotes efficient heat transfer. |
Process Applications for
ControHeat and ControTrace Jackets
| Shown
below is a partial listing of the specific products and processes
that have been successfully heated with ControHeat/ControTrace
jackets. Each product listed is followed by a range of processing
temperatures which is normally the service temperature of the
ControHeat/ControTrace jackets used in the process.
|
Acrylic
acid (55-80F)
Ammonium nitrate (365-400F)
Benzoic Acid (285-310F]
Bisphenol-A (310-365F)
Calcium chloride (420-700F)
Caprolactam (1 90-250F)
Chicle (240-280F)
Chlorinated resins and waxes (215-365F)
Coal tars (350-600F)
Coker bottoms (350-550F)
Chocolate (1 8O-200F)
Cyanuric chloride (335-365F)
Dimethyl terephthalate (380-400F)
Dinitrobenzene (220-365F)
Edible oils (240-300)
Hot melt adhesives (425-475F)
"Liquified" coal (500-750F)
Nylon (450-600F)
Phosphorus (240-290F) |
Phosphorus
pentasulfide (550-750F)
Phthalic anhydride (290-350F)
Polyolefin additives (455-750F)
Polycarbonate (650-750F)
Polypropylene (atactic) (355-375F)
Polystryrene (350-400F)
Polyesters (600-750F)
Rosin (340-365F)
Sucrose (275-300F)
Sulfur (275-300F)
Silicones (24O-340 F)
Sodium (240-280F)
Toluene diisocyanate (300-360F)
Toluene diamine (300-340F)
Toluene sulfonamide (325-340F)
Toluic acid (365-390F)
Tall Oil (275-355F)
Terephtalic acid (400-450F)
Tetrachlorobenzene (300-350F) |
|
